發(fā)布時(shí)間：2023-04-27 瀏覽次數(shù)：2081 文章來(lái)源：新華網(wǎng)
目前國(guó)內(nèi)翻譯行業(yè)大環(huán)境怎樣？哪個(gè)語(yǔ)種需求量高？哪些行業(yè)翻譯最好就業(yè)？CATTI什么語(yǔ)種最難考？
4月3日，中國(guó)翻譯協(xié)會(huì)發(fā)布的《2023中國(guó)翻譯及語(yǔ)言服務(wù)行業(yè)發(fā)展報(bào)告》和《2023全球翻譯及語(yǔ)言服務(wù)行業(yè)發(fā)展報(bào)告》給出了解答。
由中國(guó)外文局指導(dǎo)、中國(guó)翻譯協(xié)會(huì)主辦的2023中國(guó)翻譯協(xié)會(huì)年會(huì)在北京開(kāi)幕。中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)社 陳月華 攝
雙語(yǔ)君帶你一起看報(bào)告分析！
01
翻譯行業(yè)繼續(xù)保持增長(zhǎng)
2022年，全球以翻譯及語(yǔ)言服務(wù)為主營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù)的企業(yè)總產(chǎn)值為520.1億美元，經(jīng)營(yíng)范圍包含翻譯及語(yǔ)言服務(wù)業(yè)務(wù)的中國(guó)企業(yè)為10592家。
總體數(shù)據(jù)顯示，雖然受到三年疫情影響，翻譯公司業(yè)務(wù)局部受到?jīng)_擊，但總體仍呈現(xiàn)快速增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì)。國(guó)內(nèi)以翻譯及語(yǔ)言服務(wù)為主營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù)的企業(yè)總產(chǎn)值首次突破600億元，相較2021年增長(zhǎng)17.2%，高于全球增長(zhǎng)率。
The total output value of China's enterprises whose main business is translation and language services has exceeded 60 billion yuan for the first time, an increase of 17.2 percent compared to 2021, according to the annual conference of the Translators Association of China (TAC), which opened on April 3. Annual reports were released on the development of the translation and language service industry, both nationwide and worldwide. The overall data shows that although the business of translation companies has been affected by the pandemic in the past three years, it still shows a trend of rapid growth.
2023年3月29日，海南，博鰲亞洲論壇會(huì)場(chǎng)上一名譯員正在做翻譯 圖源：新華網(wǎng)
截至2022年底，我國(guó)翻譯及語(yǔ)言服務(wù)從業(yè)人員規(guī)模已達(dá)601萬(wàn)，相比去年增長(zhǎng)了11.7%。
其中，專職翻譯人員約為92萬(wàn)人，相較2021年略有下降，兼職翻譯人員總規(guī)模達(dá)到509萬(wàn)余人，相較于去年增長(zhǎng)15.7%。
The total number of people employed in China's translation and language services sector was 6.01 million in 2022, a 11.7 percent increase from the previous year. Among them, the number of full-time translators was about 920,000, which is slightly lower than that in 2021. The total number of part-time translators has reached more than 5.09 million, an increase of 15.7 percent from the previous year.
02
北上廣三地翻譯企業(yè)超過(guò)全國(guó)半數(shù)
截至2022年底，北京是國(guó)內(nèi)翻譯及語(yǔ)言服務(wù)企業(yè)數(shù)量最多的地區(qū)，占比27.75%，上海（16.98%）、廣東（9.79%）分居二三位。
翻譯及語(yǔ)言服務(wù)企業(yè)在地域分布上與2021年相比無(wú)顯著變化，北上廣城市的企業(yè)聚集效應(yīng)依舊明顯，北京仍是翻譯及語(yǔ)言服務(wù)企業(yè)數(shù)量最多的地區(qū)，北上廣三地的翻譯及語(yǔ)言服務(wù)企業(yè)總量依然超過(guò)全國(guó)半數(shù)。
By the end of 2022, Beijing owned the largest number of translation and language service enterprises in China, making up 27.75 percent. Beijing, Shanghai (16.98 percent) and Guangdong province (9.79 percent) hold more than half of the total translation business in China.
03
德語(yǔ)、法語(yǔ)、日語(yǔ)等非通用語(yǔ)需求量突出
根據(jù)對(duì)翻譯及語(yǔ)言服務(wù)需求方的調(diào)研，受訪者表示急需的前五個(gè)語(yǔ)種分別為德語(yǔ)（32.3%）、法語(yǔ)（25.3%）、英語(yǔ)（21.7%）、日語(yǔ)（19.3%）和意大利語(yǔ)（14%）。
值得一提的是，隨著“一帶一路”倡議與東盟發(fā)展規(guī)劃對(duì)接不斷深化，在貨物貿(mào)易、服務(wù)貿(mào)易、電子商務(wù)、經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)合作等方面需要更多東南亞小語(yǔ)種專業(yè)人才。
German, French, English, Japanese and Italian are the five languages urgently needed in the market. Most importantly, translating minor languages from Southeast Asian regions and countries has become a new promising job thanks to the Belt and Road Initiative and China's cooperation with ASEAN.
04
信息與通信技術(shù)、跨境電商、教育培訓(xùn)翻譯需求大
信息與通信技術(shù)、跨境電商、教育培訓(xùn)是最主要的三個(gè)翻譯及語(yǔ)言服務(wù)領(lǐng)域。
Information and communication technology, cross-border e-commerce, education and training are the three major sectors of the translation and language service industry.
信息與通信技術(shù)、跨境電商、教育培訓(xùn)在翻譯及語(yǔ)言服務(wù)細(xì)分行業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)量排名前三，占比分別為36.5%、32.7%和32.4%，國(guó)際傳播（32.1%）緊隨其后。
值得一提的是，跨境電商類業(yè)務(wù)首次成為翻譯及語(yǔ)言服務(wù)需求量前三的專業(yè)領(lǐng)域。
05
畢業(yè)去向：人才流失情況依舊存在
根據(jù)對(duì)BTI/MTI專業(yè)院校的調(diào)查，有八成畢業(yè)生就業(yè)前景是理想的。
從畢業(yè)去向來(lái)看，投入一線翻譯工作的畢業(yè)生占27.2%，相較于2021年小幅上升6.4個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。13.9%的學(xué)生畢業(yè)后會(huì)選擇繼續(xù)考研或留學(xué)，離開(kāi)翻譯行業(yè)的畢業(yè)生比例接近三分之一（27.9%），相較于2021年上升了5.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。
According to a survey of BTI/MTI professional schools, 80 percent of graduates said they have ideal employment prospects. About 30 percent of graduates engaged in front-line translation work, a slight increase of 6.4 percentage points compared to 2021. 13.9 percent of the students chose to get a further education or study abroad, and nearly one third (27.9 percent) will leave the translation industry, an increase of 5.5 percentage points compared to 2021.
06
翻譯考試：英語(yǔ)類CATTI最難考
全國(guó)翻譯專業(yè)資格（水平）考試（CATTI）的發(fā)展過(guò)程,也是翻譯人才體系發(fā)展和完善的過(guò)程。截至2022年底，翻譯資格考試?yán)塾?jì)報(bào)名201萬(wàn)人次，累計(jì)24萬(wàn)人次通過(guò)考試。
Two million people have registered for the China Accreditation Test for Translators and Interpreters (CATTI), China's most authoritative translation and interpretation qualification test, and 240,000 people have passed the test by the end of 2022.
從語(yǔ)種分布來(lái)看，通過(guò)率最高的語(yǔ)種分別是阿拉伯語(yǔ)（26.03%）、西班牙語(yǔ)（22.11%）和法語(yǔ)（21.97%）。在所有報(bào)考語(yǔ)種中，英語(yǔ)累計(jì)報(bào)考人數(shù)最多，但通過(guò)難度也最高，通過(guò)率僅為16.38%。
In terms of pass rate, some the highest languages were Arabic (26.03percent), Spanish (22.11percent) and French (21.97percent). Among all the registered languages, English has the largest number of applicants, but it is also the most difficult one to pass, with a pass rate of only 16.38 percent.
記者：陳月華
實(shí)習(xí)生：李嘉薇
參考來(lái)源：《中國(guó)翻譯及語(yǔ)言服務(wù)行業(yè)發(fā)展報(bào)告2023》 新華網(wǎng)